Heredity and Genetics

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What is heredity?

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Heredity is the passing of traits from parents to offspring through genes.

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What is a gene?

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A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for a specific trait.

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What is an allele?

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An allele is a variant form of a gene that can result in different traits.

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What does homozygous mean?

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Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., PP or pp).

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What does heterozygous mean?

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Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Pp).

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What is a phenotype?

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Phenotype is the observable physical appearance or characteristics of an organism.

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What is a genotype?

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Genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the alleles it possesses.

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What is a dominant allele?

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A dominant allele is one that masks the effect of a recessive allele in determining a trait.

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What is a recessive allele?

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A recessive allele is one that is masked by a dominant allele and only expressed when two recessive alleles are present.

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What is a Punnett square?

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A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the genetic outcomes of a cross between two organisms.