Heredity and Punnett Squares Flashcard 2

Front

What is a phenotype?

Back

A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

Front

What is a genotype?

Back

A genotype is the genetic constitution of an individual, specifically the alleles present for a particular gene.

Front

What does heterozygous mean?

Back

Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a specific gene, such as Bb.

Front

What does homozygous mean?

Back

Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a specific gene, such as BB or bb.

Front

What is the dominant allele?

Back

The dominant allele is the version of a gene that is expressed in the phenotype when at least one copy is present.

Front

What is the recessive allele?

Back

The recessive allele is the version of a gene that is only expressed in the phenotype when two copies are present.

Front

What is a Punnett square?

Back

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles from the parents.

Front

If both parents are Bb, what is the probability of having a homozygous recessive offspring?

Back

The probability is 25%.

Front

What is the phenotype of a homozygous dominant individual with the genotype BB?

Back

The phenotype is brown hair.

Front

What is the phenotype of a homozygous recessive individual with the genotype bb?

Back

The phenotype is blonde hair.