Genetics and Inheritance

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What is Genetics?

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A branch of science concerning genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms. The molecular unit of heredity.

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What is a Gene?

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Basic units of heredity passed from parent to child.

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What is Inheritance?

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The process of passing genetic information from a parent to an offspring.

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What is a Genotype?

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Genetic makeup and a combination of two alleles (expressed in letters, i.e. BB, bb).

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What is a Phenotype?

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Physical appearance of traits.

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What does Homozygous mean?

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Two identical alleles of a particular gene (i.e. BB, bb).

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What does Heterozygous mean?

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Two different alleles of a particular gene (i.e. Bb, bB).

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What is a Punnett Square?

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A graphical representation of the genotypes of an offspring.

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Who is Gregor Mendel?

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Father of heredity. Discovered basic principles of heredity through experiments in his garden.

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What is Mendelian inheritance?

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Two alleles are either dominant or recessive.