Flashcard: Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulation

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What are prevailing westerlies?

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Steady winds that flow from west to east between latitudes 30°N and 60°N, and 30°S and 60°S.

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What causes upwelling in the ocean?

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Upwelling is caused by winds that blow on the ocean's surface.

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What is upwelling?

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The vertical movement of water toward the ocean's surface.

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What is wind?

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The movement of air from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.

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What are trade winds?

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Steady winds between the equator and 30° latitude north or south.

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What is the Coriolis effect?

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A phenomenon where the rotation of Earth causes moving air and water to appear to move to the right in the Northern hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere.

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What are surface currents?

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Horizontal movements of ocean water caused by wind and differences in water density.

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What is the role of the sun in oceanic circulation?

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The sun heats the Earth's surface, causing temperature differences that drive wind and ocean currents.

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What is a jet stream?

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A fast-flowing air current found in the atmosphere, typically at high altitudes.

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What are polar easterlies?

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Winds that blow from east to west near the North Pole and the South Pole.