Front

What is a DNA mutation?

Back

A DNA mutation is a change in the nucleotide sequence of the DNA, which can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.

Front

What are the types of DNA mutations?

Back

The main types of DNA mutations are substitution, insertion, deletion, and inversion.

Front

Define substitution mutation.

Back

A substitution mutation occurs when one nucleotide in the DNA sequence is replaced by another nucleotide.

Front

What is an insertion mutation?

Back

An insertion mutation involves the addition of one or more nucleotide bases into a DNA sequence.

Front

What is a deletion mutation?

Back

A deletion mutation occurs when one or more nucleotide bases are removed from a DNA sequence.

Front

What is an inversion mutation?

Back

An inversion mutation occurs when a segment of DNA is reversed within the chromosome.

Front

What is translocation in terms of chromosomal mutation?

Back

Translocation is a chromosomal mutation where a segment of DNA is moved from one location to another, either within the same chromosome or to a different chromosome.

Front

What are codons?

Back

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids or stop signals during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it is translated into a protein.

Front

What is the significance of the genetic code?

Back

The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in mRNA is translated into proteins, determining the amino acid sequence.