pH calculations

Front

What is pH?

Back

pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution, defined as the negative logarithm of the hydronium ion concentration: pH = -log[H₃O⁺].

Front

What is the relationship between pH and [H₃O⁺]?

Back

As pH decreases, the concentration of hydronium ions [H₃O⁺] increases, indicating a more acidic solution. Conversely, as pH increases, [H₃O⁺] decreases, indicating a more basic solution.

Front

How do you calculate pH from [H₃O⁺]?

Back

To calculate pH from hydronium ion concentration, use the formula: pH = -log[H₃O⁺].

Front

How do you calculate [H₃O⁺] from pH?

Back

To calculate [H₃O⁺] from pH, use the formula: [H₃O⁺] = 10^(-pH).

Front

What is the pH of a neutral solution at 25°C?

Back

The pH of a neutral solution at 25°C is 7.0.

Front

What is the pH of a solution with [H₃O⁺] = 1 x 10⁻⁷ M?

Back

The pH of a solution with [H₃O⁺] = 1 x 10⁻⁷ M is 7.0, indicating a neutral solution.

Front

If a solution has a pH of 3, what is the [H₃O⁺]?

Back

If a solution has a pH of 3, the [H₃O⁺] is 1.0 x 10⁻³ M.

Front

If a solution has a pH of 10, what is the [H₃O⁺]?

Back

If a solution has a pH of 10, the [H₃O⁺] is 1.0 x 10⁻¹⁰ M.

Front

What does a pH less than 7 indicate?

Back

A pH less than 7 indicates an acidic solution.

Front

What does a pH greater than 7 indicate?

Back

A pH greater than 7 indicates a basic (alkaline) solution.