Genetics

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What is a genotype?

Back

A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the alleles it possesses (e.g., BB, Bb, bb).

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Front

What is a phenotype?

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A phenotype is the physical appearance or observable traits of an organism, determined by its genotype (e.g., brown hair, blond hair).

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

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What does heterozygous mean?

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Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Bb).

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What does homozygous mean?

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Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., BB or bb).

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What is a Punnett square?

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A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the genetic outcomes of a cross between two organisms, showing the possible genotypes of offspring.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-3

Front

What is the probability of offspring inheriting a trait?

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The probability of offspring inheriting a trait can be calculated using a Punnett square, showing the likelihood of each genotype.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-3

NGSS.HS-LS4-3

Front

What is the difference between dominant and recessive traits?

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Dominant traits are expressed when at least one dominant allele is present (e.g., A), while recessive traits are expressed only when two recessive alleles are present (e.g., aa).

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What is an allele?

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An allele is a variant form of a gene that can produce different traits (e.g., A and a are alleles for a gene).

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Front

What is the significance of the letter 'B' in genetics?

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In genetics, 'B' typically represents a dominant allele, while 'b' represents a recessive allele.

Front

What does it mean if an organism is homozygous recessive?

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An organism is homozygous recessive if it has two recessive alleles for a trait (e.g., bb).