Molecular Polarity
Flashcard
•
Chemistry
•
10th Grade
•
Practice Problem
•
Hard
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is molecular polarity?
Back
Molecular polarity refers to the distribution of electrical charge over the atoms in a molecule. A molecule is polar if it has a net dipole moment due to the presence of polar bonds and an asymmetric shape.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What determines if a molecule is polar or non-polar?
Back
A molecule's polarity is determined by its shape and the electronegativity differences between the atoms. If the molecule has polar bonds and an asymmetrical shape, it is polar. If it has non-polar bonds or a symmetrical shape, it is non-polar.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a dipole moment?
Back
A dipole moment is a measure of the separation of positive and negative charges in a molecule. It is a vector quantity, having both magnitude and direction.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the shape of a pyramidal molecule?
Back
A pyramidal molecule has a central atom bonded to three other atoms, with one lone pair of electrons, creating a three-dimensional shape resembling a pyramid.
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the shape of a tetrahedral molecule?
Back
A tetrahedral molecule has a central atom bonded to four other atoms, arranged in a three-dimensional shape where the bond angles are approximately 109.5 degrees.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
How does the presence of lone pairs affect molecular shape?
Back
Lone pairs of electrons repel bonding pairs more strongly, which can alter the shape of the molecule compared to what would be expected based on the number of bonding pairs alone.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the molecular shape of water (H2O)?
Back
Water (H2O) has a bent shape due to the two lone pairs on the oxygen atom, which push the hydrogen atoms closer together.
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