Physical Geology Final Exam Review

Front

What type of dune is characterized by its crescent shape and horns pointing downwind?

Back

Barchan dune.

Front

What are glacial varves?

Back

Finely layered sedimentary deposits found in glacial lakes, representing annual cycles of sedimentation.

Front

What is the term for the process where nutrient-rich water rises from the deep ocean to the surface?

Back

Upwelling.

Front

What are Milankovitch cycles?

Back

Periodic changes in Earth's climate due to variations in its orbit and axial tilt.

Front

Which elements are the most abundant in the Earth's crust?

Back

Oxygen, Silicon, Aluminum, and Iron.

Front

What type of dune is formed by the interaction of wind and vegetation, often having a U-shape?

Back

Parabolic dune.

Front

What is glacial outwash?

Back

Sediments deposited by meltwater from glaciers, typically found in braided river systems.

Front

What is thermohaline circulation?

Back

A global ocean circulation driven by differences in water density, influenced by temperature and salinity.

Front

What are glacial erratics?

Back

Large boulders transported and deposited by glacial ice, often found far from their source.

Front

What is the difference between upwelling and downwelling?

Back

Upwelling brings nutrient-rich water to the surface, while downwelling involves the sinking of surface water.