Protein Synthesis

Front

What is protein synthesis?

Back

The process by which cells generate new proteins, involving transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA to amino acids.

Front

What is the role of rRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

rRNA (ribosomal RNA) makes up the ribosome, which is the site of protein synthesis.

Front

What enzyme is responsible for synthesizing mRNA from a DNA template?

Back

RNA polymerase.

Front

Where does transcription take place in eukaryotic cells?

Back

In the nucleus.

Front

What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) carries amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the mRNA codons.

Front

What are codons?

Back

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that specify a particular amino acid.

Front

What are anticodons?

Back

Anticodons are sequences of three nucleotides in tRNA that are complementary to mRNA codons.

Front

What type of bond connects amino acids in a protein?

Back

Peptide bonds.

Front

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Back

The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying DNA to mRNA, while translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA.