Genetics Basics

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Dominant allele

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An allele that is expressed even in the presence of a recessive allele.

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Recessive allele

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An allele that only expresses when a dominant allele is not present. Both alleles must express for the same variation.

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Allele

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A variant form of a gene, or the code for an expressed variation.

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Chromosomes

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Structures within cells that contain DNA and many genes.

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DNA

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Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic information in living organisms.

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Nucleus

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The membrane-bound organelle in a cell that contains chromosomes.

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Organism

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Any individual living entity that can act or function independently.

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Homozygous

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Having two identical alleles for a particular gene.

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Heterozygous

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Having two different alleles for a particular gene.

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Genotype

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The genetic makeup of an organism, consisting of all the genes and their variations.