Cell Organelles Review

Front

What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER)?

Back

The rough ER is involved in the synthesis and processing of proteins, as it has ribosomes on its surface that translate mRNA into polypeptide chains.

Front

What is cytoplasm?

Back

Cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance within a cell that contains organelles, and is the site for many metabolic processes.

Front

What is the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane is a protective barrier that surrounds the cell, controlling the movement of substances in and out.

Front

What distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

Back

Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells do.

Front

What is the role of chloroplasts in plant cells?

Back

Chloroplasts are organelles that conduct photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose.

Front

What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

Back

The nucleus houses the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities by regulating gene expression.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis, where they translate mRNA into amino acid sequences.

Front

What is the function of vacuoles in plant cells?

Back

Vacuoles store nutrients, waste products, and help maintain turgor pressure in plant cells.

Front

What is the function of lysosomes?

Back

Lysosomes contain enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.

Front

What is the difference between plant and animal cells?

Back

Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and large central vacuoles, while animal cells do not.