Physical Science Midterm

Front

What are noble gases and why are they considered inert?

Back

Noble gases are elements in Group 18 of the periodic table. They are considered inert because their outermost energy level is full, making them stable and unlikely to react with other elements.

Front

What is an ionic bond?

Back

An ionic bond is a type of chemical bond that occurs between oppositely charged ions. It typically forms between metals, which lose electrons, and nonmetals, which gain electrons.

Front

What does the law of conservation of mass state?

Back

The law of conservation of mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. The total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products.

Front

What does the chemical formula H2O represent?

Back

The chemical formula H2O represents a water molecule, which contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

Front

What is a synthesis reaction?

Back

A synthesis reaction is a type of chemical reaction where two or more simple substances combine to form a more complex product.

Front

What is the significance of the periodic table in chemistry?

Back

The periodic table organizes elements based on their atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties, helping to predict their behavior in reactions.

Front

What are the main characteristics of metals?

Back

Metals are typically shiny, good conductors of heat and electricity, malleable, ductile, and tend to lose electrons during chemical reactions.

Front

What are nonmetals and how do they differ from metals?

Back

Nonmetals are elements that lack the characteristics of metals. They are usually poor conductors of heat and electricity, brittle in solid form, and tend to gain electrons in reactions.

Front

What is the difference between a chemical change and a physical change?

Back

A chemical change results in the formation of new substances with different properties, while a physical change alters the form or appearance of a substance without changing its chemical composition.

Front

What is a covalent bond?

Back

A covalent bond is a type of chemical bond formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons.