causation

Front

What is causation?

Back

Causation refers to a relationship where one event (the cause) directly leads to the occurrence of another event (the effect).

Front

What is association?

Back

Association refers to a relationship between two variables where they occur together, but one does not necessarily cause the other.

Front

What is correlation?

Back

Correlation is a statistical measure that describes the extent to which two variables change together, but it does not imply causation.

Front

Example of causation: It started raining and the baseball game was delayed. What does this illustrate?

Back

This illustrates that the rain (cause) directly led to the delay of the baseball game (effect).

Front

Example of association: A survey shows that sleeping with a night light is positively associated with nearsightedness. What does this mean?

Back

This means that there is a relationship between sleeping with a night light and nearsightedness, but it does not imply that one causes the other.

Front

What is a key difference between causation and correlation?

Back

Causation indicates a direct cause-and-effect relationship, while correlation indicates a relationship without implying that one event causes the other.

Front

Example of correlation: Ice cream sales increase as temperature increases. What does this illustrate?

Back

This illustrates a correlation where both ice cream sales and temperature rise together, but one does not cause the other.

Front

What does 'neither' mean in the context of association or causation?

Back

'Neither' indicates that there is no relationship between the two events being considered.

Front

What is an example of a situation that shows causation?

Back

A car ran out of gas and being stranded on the side of the road.

Front

What is an example of a situation that shows correlation but not causation?

Back

High social media usage and reduced grades.