DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis

Front

What reads and translates the mRNA sequence into a specific amino acid?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) is responsible for reading the mRNA sequence and bringing the corresponding amino acids during protein synthesis.

Front

What is each three-nucleotide (letter) sequence of the mRNA called?

Back

A Codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

Front

What is a change in the chromosomes or genes of a cell called?

Back

A Mutation refers to any alteration in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in the organism.

Front

What does DNA stand for and what is its significance?

Back

DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, and it serves as the blueprint for all living organisms.

Front

What carries the instructions for making a protein and is transcribed from DNA?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the role of rRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is a component of ribosomes and helps facilitate the translation of mRNA into proteins.

Front

What is the process of copying DNA called?

Back

DNA Replication is the process by which a cell duplicates its DNA before cell division.

Front

What is the function of the anticodon in tRNA?

Back

The Anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides in tRNA that pairs with the corresponding codon in mRNA during translation.

Front

What is the significance of mutations in genetics?

Back

Mutations can lead to genetic diversity, but they can also cause diseases or malfunctions in biological processes.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.