AP Bio Insta-Review Topic 3.5: Photosynthesis

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What is the Calvin Cycle?

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The Calvin Cycle is a series of biochemical reactions that take place in the stroma of chloroplasts in photosynthetic organisms, where carbon dioxide is converted into glucose using ATP and NADPH produced in the light reactions.

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Where does the Calvin Cycle occur?

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The Calvin Cycle occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts.

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What is G3P in photosynthesis?

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G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) is a three-carbon sugar produced in the Calvin Cycle, which can be used to form glucose and other carbohydrates.

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What are the light reactions of photosynthesis?

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The light reactions are the first stage of photosynthesis, occurring in the thylakoid membranes, where sunlight is converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.

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What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

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Chlorophyll is a pigment found in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy, primarily in the blue and red wavelengths, and plays a crucial role in converting light energy into chemical energy.

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Where did photosynthesis originate?

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Photosynthesis originated in cyanobacteria, which were the first organisms to perform oxygenic photosynthesis.

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What is the significance of oxygen in photosynthesis?

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Oxygen is a byproduct of photosynthesis, produced during the light reactions when water is split to release electrons.

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What is the primary function of photosynthesis?

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The primary function of photosynthesis is to convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose, which can be used by plants and other organisms for growth and energy.

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What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

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Aerobic respiration requires oxygen to produce energy, while anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and produces less energy.

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What is the role of water in photosynthesis?

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Water provides electrons and protons for the light reactions and is split to release oxygen as a byproduct.