After Thanksgiving Genetics Review Flashcard

Front

What is a Punnett Square?

Back

A Punnett Square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles from the parents.

Front

What does heterozygous mean?

Back

Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene, represented as 'Aa'.

Front

If T stands for tall and t stands for short, what does TT represent?

Back

TT represents a homozygous dominant genotype, which means the organism will be tall.

Front

What is the phenotype of an organism with the genotype 'Aa'?

Back

The phenotype will be tall, as the dominant allele 'A' expresses the tall trait.

Front

What is the definition of homozygous recessive?

Back

Homozygous recessive refers to having two identical recessive alleles for a gene, represented as 'aa'.

Front

In a Punnett Square, what does a 100% tall offspring outcome indicate?

Back

It indicates that all offspring will express the dominant trait, which in this case is tallness.

Front

What is the dominant trait in pea plants for seed color?

Back

The dominant trait for seed color in pea plants is yellow.

Front

What does the term 'allele' mean?

Back

An allele is a variant form of a gene that can produce different traits.

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype refers to the observable traits.

Front

What does it mean if an organism is homozygous dominant?

Back

It means the organism has two identical dominant alleles for a trait, represented as 'AA'.