Math 4: Review of Sampling Methods and Bias

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What is a Cluster Random Sample?

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A sampling method where entire groups (clusters) are randomly selected, and all individuals within those groups are surveyed.

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What is Self-Selected (Volunteer) Sampling?

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A sampling method where individuals choose to participate in a survey, often leading to biased results as only those with strong opinions may respond.

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What is Systematic Sampling?

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A sampling method where every nth individual is selected from a list or sequence.

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What is Voluntary Response Bias?

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A bias that occurs when individuals with strong opinions are more likely to respond to surveys, skewing the results.

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What is Undercoverage Bias?

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A bias that occurs when certain groups in a population are left out of the selection process, leading to incomplete data.

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What is Convenience Sampling?

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A sampling method where individuals are selected based on their easy availability, which may not represent the entire population.

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What is Simple Random Sampling?

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A sampling method where every individual has an equal chance of being selected, ensuring a representative sample.

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What is Non-Response Bias?

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A bias that occurs when individuals selected for a survey do not respond, potentially skewing the results.

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What is Leading Question Bias?

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A bias that occurs when survey questions are worded in a way that suggests a particular answer.

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What is the purpose of sampling in research?

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To gather data from a subset of a population to make inferences about the entire population.