Neuron Structure/Classification, Glial Cells & Action Potentials

Front

What is the function of the Na+/K+ ATPase pump in neurons?

Back

The Na+/K+ ATPase pump maintains the resting membrane potential by moving 3 Na+ ions out of the neuron for every 2 K+ ions it moves in, creating a negative internal environment.

Front

What process does the sodium-potassium pump use to restore the resting membrane potential?

Back

Active transport.

Front

What are neurotransmitters?

Back

Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals across a synapse from one neuron to another.

Front

What type of neurons carry information from the CNS to muscles and glands?

Back

Motor neurons.

Front

What is resting potential in a neuron?

Back

Resting potential is the state of a neuron when it is not actively sending an impulse, typically around -70mV.

Front

What is action potential?

Back

Action potential is a rapid rise and fall in voltage across a neuronal membrane, allowing the transmission of signals along the neuron.

Front

What role do glial cells play in the nervous system?

Back

Glial cells support, protect, and maintain homeostasis for neurons, and they also assist in signal transmission.

Front

What is the difference between sensory neurons and motor neurons?

Back

Sensory neurons carry information from sensory receptors to the CNS, while motor neurons transmit signals from the CNS to muscles and glands.

Front

What is the synapse?

Back

The synapse is the junction between two neurons where neurotransmitters are released to transmit signals.

Front

What is the significance of the myelin sheath?

Back

The myelin sheath insulates axons, increasing the speed of action potential propagation along the neuron.