Translation (RNA - Protein)

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in translation?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular organelles where translation occurs, synthesizing proteins by reading the mRNA sequence.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

Front

What is the function of tRNA in translation?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis, matching its anticodon with the codon on the mRNA.

Front

What is an anticodon?

Back

An anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides on tRNA that is complementary to a codon on mRNA.

Front

How many amino acids are specified by a single codon?

Back

One amino acid is specified by a single codon.

Front

What is the start codon and its significance?

Back

The start codon is AUG, which signals the beginning of translation and codes for the amino acid Methionine.

Front

What happens during the elongation phase of translation?

Back

During elongation, amino acids are added one by one to the growing polypeptide chain as the ribosome moves along the mRNA.

Front

What is the termination codon?

Back

A termination codon (stop codon) signals the end of protein synthesis; it does not code for an amino acid.

Front

What are the three stop codons?

Back

The three stop codons are UAA, UAG, and UGA.

Front

What is the significance of the genetic code?

Back

The genetic code is a set of rules that defines how the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA is translated into the sequence of amino acids in proteins.