Genetics and DNA

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes are the organelles where protein synthesis occurs, translating mRNA into polypeptide chains.

Front

What is the process of transcription in genetics?

Back

Transcription is the process by which the DNA sequence of a gene is copied into mRNA.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What occurs during the S phase of interphase?

Back

During the S phase, DNA replication occurs, resulting in the duplication of the genetic material.

Front

What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?

Back

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Front

What is a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is the basic building block of DNA and RNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Front

What is the complementary base pairing rule in DNA?

Back

In DNA, adenine pairs with thymine (A-T) and cytosine pairs with guanine (C-G).

Front

What is the significance of the y-intercept in a linear equation?

Back

The y-intercept is the value of y when x is zero, indicating where the line crosses the y-axis.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA is a double helix composed of two strands of nucleotides twisted around each other.