Experiment vs Observation

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What is an observational study?

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An observational study is a type of research where the researcher observes and records behavior or outcomes without manipulating any variables. It aims to identify patterns or correlations.

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What is an experiment?

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An experiment is a research method where the researcher manipulates one or more variables to determine their effect on a dependent variable, allowing for cause-and-effect conclusions.

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What is the main difference between an observational study and an experiment?

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The main difference is that in an observational study, the researcher does not intervene or manipulate variables, while in an experiment, the researcher actively manipulates variables to observe effects.

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Why is random selection important in surveys?

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Random selection ensures that every individual in the population has an equal chance of being chosen, which helps to eliminate bias and makes the results more representative.

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CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

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What is a representative sample?

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A representative sample is a subset of a population that accurately reflects the characteristics of the larger group, allowing for generalizations to be made.

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CCSS.7.SP.A.1

CCSS.HSS.IC.A.1

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What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?

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A control group is used as a baseline to compare against the experimental group. It helps to isolate the effect of the independent variable.

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What is a variable in research?

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A variable is any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types and can affect the outcome of an experiment or study.

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What is a dependent variable?

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The dependent variable is the outcome or response that is measured in an experiment, which is affected by changes in the independent variable.

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CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

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What is an independent variable?

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The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated or changed in an experiment to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

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What does it mean to have a correlation between two variables?

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A correlation indicates a relationship between two variables, where changes in one variable are associated with changes in another, but it does not imply causation.

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CCSS.HSS.ID.C.9