Immune System Review

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What is the immune system?

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The immune system is the body's defense mechanism against infections and diseases, consisting of various cells, tissues, and organs that work together to identify and eliminate pathogens.

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What are antibodies?

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Antibodies are proteins produced by B-cells that specifically recognize and bind to antigens (foreign substances) to help neutralize or destroy them.

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What is an antigen?

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An antigen is any substance that triggers an immune response, often found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria and viruses.

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What is the role of phagocytes in the immune system?

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Phagocytes are white blood cells that engulf and digest pathogens and debris, playing a crucial role in the body's defense.

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What is the difference between specific and non-specific immunity?

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Non-specific immunity provides immediate defense against all pathogens, while specific immunity targets specific pathogens after exposure.

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What is an allergy?

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An allergy is a strong immune response to a harmless substance (antigen) in the environment, such as pollen or pet dander.

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What is an autoimmune disease?

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An autoimmune disease occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own cells, as seen in conditions like Type 1 diabetes.

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What is the first line of defense in the immune system?

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The first line of defense includes physical barriers like the skin and mucous membranes that prevent pathogens from entering the body.

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What are lymph nodes?

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Lymph nodes are small, bean-shaped structures that filter lymph fluid and contain immune cells that help fight infections.

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What is the function of B-cells?

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B-cells are a type of white blood cell that produces antibodies in response to specific antigens.