DNA Mutations

Front

What is a DNA mutation?

Back

A change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA.

Front

What are the main types of DNA mutations?

Back

Substitutions, insertions, deletions.

Front

What is an insertion mutation?

Back

A mutation where one or more nucleotides are added to the DNA sequence.

Front

What is a deletion mutation?

Back

A mutation where one or more nucleotides are removed from the DNA sequence.

Front

What is a substitution mutation?

Back

A mutation where one nucleotide is replaced by another.

Front

What is a missense mutation?

Back

A substitution mutation that results in a different amino acid being incorporated into a protein.

Front

What is a nonsense mutation?

Back

A substitution mutation that creates a stop codon, leading to premature termination of protein synthesis.

Front

What is a silent mutation?

Back

A substitution mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence of a protein.

Front

What are codons?

Back

Sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that code for specific amino acids.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

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mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.