UNIT 5 VOCABULARY FLASHCARD

Front

an intellectual movement in the 17th and 18th centuries that emphasized reason and science over faith and superstition:

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THE ENLIGHTENMENT

Front

a philosophical idea that people's moral and political obligations are based on a contract or agreement with each other:

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SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY

Front

means “allow to do,” with the idea being “let people do as they choose”

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LAISSEZ-FAIRE

Front

a political theory that absolute power should be vested in one or more rulers b : government by an absolute ruler or authority

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ABSOLUTISM

Front

a constitutional law doctrine that divides the responsibilities of the government into three branches to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful:

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SEPARATION OF POWERS

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a series of conflicts fought between France, led by Napoleon Bonaparte, and shifting alliances of other European powers, primarily including Great Britain, Prussia, Austria, and Russia

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NAPOLEONIC WARS

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the political principle that the people are the source of all political power and legitimacy, and that the government is created and sustained by the consent of the people

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POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY

Front

a right that cannot be taken away, denied, or transferred to another person

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NATURAL RIGHTS (INALIENABLE RIGHTS)

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a political theory and form of governance that limits the power of the government and establishes the rule of law

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CONSTITUTIONALISM

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It sets out the “natural and inalienable” rights, which are freedom, ownership, security, resistance to oppression; it recognizes equality before the law.

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DECLARATION OF THE RIGHTS OF MAN AND THE CITIZEN