Genotype and Phenotype Basics

An unaffected female is represented by a circle that is not filled in.

An organism with two identical dominant alleles for a trait, e.g., MM.

An organism with two identical recessive alleles for a trait, e.g., rr.

Genetics.

Chromosomes.

The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

The genetic constitution of an individual, represented by alleles.

Dominant alleles express their trait even when only one copy is present, while recessive alleles require two copies to express their trait.

An alternative form of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

To predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.