US 2- Industrialization

Front

What is mass production, and how did it change the economy during industrialization?

Back

The large-scale manufacturing of goods using machines and assembly lines, which increased efficiency and lowered costs.

Front

Who were John D. Rockefeller and Andrew Carnegie, and what industries did they dominate?

Back

John D. Rockefeller dominated the oil industry, and Andrew Carnegie dominated the steel industry.

Front

What was the Bessemer Process, and why was it important?

Back

A method for producing steel more efficiently and cheaply, fueling industrial growth in construction and railroads.

Front

What is a monopoly, and how did it affect competition?

Back

A monopoly occurs when one company controls an entire industry, reducing competition and allowing the company to set high prices.

Front

How did immigration impact U.S. cities during industrialization?

Back

Immigration increased urban populations, leading to crowded cities, tenement housing, and cultural diversity.

Front

What was the Chinese Exclusion Act, and why was it significant?

Back

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 banned Chinese immigration, reflecting widespread nativism and anti-immigrant sentiment.

Front

What were tenements, and why were they significant during industrialization?

Back

Tenements were overcrowded, poorly constructed apartment buildings where many urban workers lived, often without proper sanitation or safety.

Front

Who was Jane Addams, and what was Hull House?

Back

Jane Addams founded Hull House, a settlement house in Chicago that provided services to poor urban residents, including immigrants.

Front

What is laissez-faire economics?

Back

A policy of minimal government interference in business, allowing free-market practices to flourish.

Front

What was the Sherman Antitrust Act, and why was it created?

Back

The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 was designed to prevent monopolies and promote fair competition in business.