DNA Structure and Replication

Front

What enzyme fixes the Okazaki fragments in the lagging strand?

Back

Ligase is the enzyme that connects Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand during DNA replication.

Front

What are the larger, double-ringed bases in DNA?

Back

Purines are the larger, double-ringed nitrogenous bases in DNA, which include adenine (A) and guanine (G).

Front

What is the shape of DNA?

Back

DNA has a double helix shape, resembling a twisted ladder.

Front

What are the smaller, single-ringed bases in DNA?

Back

Pyrimidines are the smaller, single-ringed nitrogenous bases in DNA, which include thymine (T) and cytosine (C).

Front

How many different nitrogen bases are found in DNA?

Back

There are 4 different nitrogen bases in DNA: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Front

What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?

Back

Helicase is the enzyme that unwinds and separates the two strands of DNA during replication.

Front

What is the function of DNA polymerase?

Back

DNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication.

Front

What is the significance of complementary base pairing in DNA?

Back

Complementary base pairing ensures accurate DNA replication and helps maintain the genetic code, with adenine pairing with thymine and cytosine pairing with guanine.

Front

What is the difference between the leading and lagging strands during DNA replication?

Back

The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the direction of the replication fork, while the lagging strand is synthesized in short segments (Okazaki fragments) away from the fork.

Front

What are Okazaki fragments?

Back

Okazaki fragments are short sequences of DNA nucleotides synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication.