Protein Synthesis

Front

What is protein synthesis?

Back

The process by which cells generate new proteins, involving transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA to amino acids.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in protein synthesis and potentially cause diseases.

Front

How many nucleotides are needed to code for one amino acid?

Back

Three nucleotides.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

Where does translation occur in the cell?

Back

Translation occurs in the ribosome.

Front

What is tRNA and its function?

Back

Transfer RNA (tRNA) is responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Front

What is an anticodon?

Back

A sequence of three nucleotides in tRNA that pairs with a complementary codon in mRNA.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation occurs, synthesizing proteins from amino acids.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA is single-stranded and contains the sugar ribose.