Macromolecules

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What are macromolecules?

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Large, complex molecules that are essential for life, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

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What are the four main types of biological macromolecules?

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Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids.

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What is the primary function of carbohydrates?

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To provide energy and support cellular structure.

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What are the building blocks of carbohydrates?

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Monosaccharides (simple sugars) such as glucose and fructose.

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What is the role of lipids in biological systems?

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Energy storage, insulation, and making up cell membranes.

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What are the monomers of proteins?

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Amino acids.

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What is the primary function of proteins?

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To perform a wide range of functions including catalyzing biochemical reactions (enzymes), providing structure, and regulating processes.

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What are nucleic acids?

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Biological macromolecules that store and transmit genetic information, including DNA and RNA.

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What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

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DNA is double-stranded and stores genetic information, while RNA is single-stranded and plays a role in protein synthesis.

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What is a triglyceride?

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A type of lipid made up of three fatty acids and glycerol, used for energy storage.