AP Chem 3.10 Solubility

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What is solubility?

Back

Solubility is the ability of a substance (solute) to dissolve in a solvent, forming a homogeneous solution at a specified temperature and pressure.

Front

What does it mean for a compound to be miscible in water?

Back

A compound is miscible in water if it can mix with water in any proportion without separating into two phases.

Front

What does it mean for a compound to be immiscible in water?

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A compound is immiscible in water if it does not mix with water and separates into distinct layers.

Front

What is the solubility rule for ionic compounds in water?

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Most ionic compounds are soluble in water, but there are exceptions, such as AgCl and BaSO4, which are generally insoluble.

Front

How does polarity affect solubility?

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Polar substances tend to dissolve well in polar solvents (like water), while nonpolar substances dissolve better in nonpolar solvents (like hexane).

Front

What is the significance of the 'like dissolves like' principle?

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The 'like dissolves like' principle states that polar solvents dissolve polar solutes, and nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes.

Front

What is the effect of temperature on solubility?

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For most solid solutes, solubility increases with temperature, while for gases, solubility typically decreases with increasing temperature.

Front

What is a saturated solution?

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A saturated solution is a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a given temperature and pressure.

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What is a supersaturated solution?

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A supersaturated solution is a solution that contains more solute than can normally dissolve at a given temperature, often achieved by heating.

Front

What is the role of pressure in the solubility of gases?

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Increasing pressure increases the solubility of gases in liquids, as described by Henry's Law.