CH373 Flashcard 4 Review

Front

What is the nucleic acid base that has a carbonyl carbon at position 6?

Back

Guanine.

Front

What is the role of translation release factors in prokaryotic translation?

Back

Translation release factors help terminate translation but do not contribute to the accuracy of the process.

Front

What effect does increasing the ionic strength of a solution have on the melting temperature (Tm) of DNA?

Back

It increases the Tm of DNA.

Front

What is the effect of HAT (histone acetyltransferase) activity on DNA transcription?

Back

Increased HAT activity enhances DNA transcription.

Front

If a piece of dsDNA has 250 residues and Adenine composes 28%, how many GC pairs are present?

Back

55 GC pairs.

Front

What is the significance of the carbonyl carbon in nucleic acid bases?

Back

The carbonyl carbon is involved in hydrogen bonding and base pairing.

Front

What is the function of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase in translation?

Back

It charges tRNA with the correct amino acid.

Front

How does DNA methylation affect transcription factor binding?

Back

Increased DNA methylation can interfere with transcription factor binding, reducing transcription.

Front

What is the relationship between base pair composition and DNA stability?

Back

GC pairs are more stable than AT pairs due to three hydrogen bonds compared to two.

Front

What is the role of EF-Tu in prokaryotic translation?

Back

EF-Tu binds to aminoacyl-tRNA and helps ensure the correct tRNA is matched to the mRNA codon.