Protein Synthesis

Front

What is protein synthesis?

Back

The process by which cells generate new proteins, involving transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA to amino acids.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.

Front

What amino acid does the codon CAU code for?

Back

Histidine.

Front

What is gene expression?

Back

The process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product, usually a protein.

Front

What factors regulate gene expression?

Back

Both internal factors (like transcription factors) and external factors (like environmental signals).

Front

What does it mean when a gene is turned off?

Back

It means that the gene is not being expressed, and its product is not being synthesized.

Front

What is mRNA?

Back

Messenger RNA, a type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is tRNA?

Back

Transfer RNA, a type of RNA that brings amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Front

What is rRNA?

Back

Ribosomal RNA, a component of ribosomes that helps in the synthesis of proteins.

Front

What does the codon UAA signify?

Back

It is a stop codon that signals the termination of protein synthesis.