Review: Unit 4 Gene Expression

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.

Front

Which codon is known as the start codon?

Back

AUG is known as the start codon.

Front

What is a polypeptide?

Back

A polypeptide is a chain of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.

Front

What type of bond holds amino acids together in a polypeptide?

Back

Peptide bonds hold amino acids together in a polypeptide.

Front

Why is the 3D shape of a protein important?

Back

The 3D shape of a protein is crucial for its function; it determines how the protein interacts with other molecules.

Front

What is mRNA and its role in gene expression?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic code from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm for protein synthesis.

Front

Where does transcription occur?

Back

Transcription occurs in the nucleus where DNA is located.

Front

Why can't DNA leave the nucleus?

Back

DNA cannot leave the nucleus because it is too large and must remain protected.

Front

What is the function of tRNA?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites where mRNA is translated into a polypeptide chain.