Gene Expression and Regulation

Front

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Back

The central dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

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What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

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What is translation?

Back

Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the mRNA template.

Front

What role do ribosomes play in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular machinery that facilitate the translation of mRNA into proteins.

Front

What is gene expression?

Back

Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product, usually a protein.

Front

What are environmental factors that can influence gene expression?

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Environmental factors include temperature, light, nutrients, and stress, which can affect how genes are expressed.

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What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in gene expression and function.

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What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene expression?

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Prokaryotic gene expression occurs in the cytoplasm and is generally simpler, while eukaryotic gene expression involves more complex processes and occurs in the nucleus.

Front

What are histones?

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Histones are proteins that help package and organize DNA into a compact structure called chromatin.

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What is the role of transcription factors?

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Transcription factors are proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences to regulate the transcription of genes.