Application and softwares set #1 (IT fundamentals)

Front

John, a project manager at Dion Training, wants to terminate a resource-hungry application. Which of the following would BEST help achieve this? Memory management, process management / scheduling, access control/protection, disk management

Back

process management / scheduling

Answer explanation

Process management/scheduling is an operating system feature that handles application execution, allowing John to terminate a resource-intensive application. Memory management controls how system memory is assigned and used, but doesn't specifically allow for application termination. Access control/protection governs user rights and permissions, but it does not give the ability to terminate applications. Disk management handles how storage is allocated and used, not controlling running applications.

Front

Which software type is tailored to meet a company's unique requirements and help streamline its operations? Options: Instant Message Software, email client, business-specific applications, conferencing software

Back

business-specific applications

Answer explanation

Business-specific applications are typically bespoke, designed specifically for a company's needs, enabling them to streamline their unique operations. Customer relationship management (CRM) software helps businesses manage their customer interactions. It can be used to track customer leads, sales opportunities, and customer support tickets. While useful for business interactions, conferencing software doesn't deliver customization unique to each company's operational needs. Email clients are predominantly for sending, receiving, and organizing emails. They do not typically provide business-specific functionalities designed for any unique operational needs a company may have. Instant messaging software is largely for communication in real-time—rapidly and efficiently—but it doesn't focus on unique operational needs of a company.

Front

What are folders/directories primarily used for?

Back

organizing files within a system

Answer explanation

The principal function of folders/directories is to create an organized structure within a file system for easy navigation and management, hence the correct answer. While permissions can be assigned to directories, their primary purpose is not to set file permissions, but rather to provide an organizational structure within a file system. Folders don't primarily serve to encrypt files. Even though certain systems allow entire directories to be encrypted, this is not the fundamental role of a directory. Folders/directories do not modify file extensions. File extensions are defined when a file is created and can be changed or managed independently of their location in directories.

Front

What is the primary benefit of file encryption? Options: increase processing speed, protection from unauthorized access, reduce file sizes, facilitate data recovery

Back

protection from unauthorized access

Answer explanation

Encryption provides a high level of security by scrambling the data in a file to prevent unauthorized access, keeping it safe in the network. Encryption does not reduce file size, it encrypts or scrambles the data to provide security. Compression, not encryption, is used to reduce the file size. Encryption does not typically impact system speed in a positive way. Actually, it could slightly slow down the process since the system has to encrypt and decrypt files. While encryption can protect data from unauthorized access, it doesn't inherently facilitate data recovery. However, combined with a backup strategy, it can contribute to a holistic data protection plan.

Front

Which licensing model would you likely encounter when subscribing to a Software as a Service (SaaS) product?

Back

subscriptions

Answer explanation

n a subscription model, users pay a recurring fee to access the software, often on a monthly or yearly basis. This payment structure is typically characteristic of SaaS offerings, where the software is hosted remotely. A group use or site license enables use of the software for multiple users within a specified location, but doesn't inherently align with recurring fees, as required in a subscription-based model. Thus, while it could sometimes apply to SaaS products, it doesn't by definition. Under a one-time purchase model, users pay a flat fee for permanent access to the software. While this may be applicable to some software applications, it is less common for SaaS products which require regular updates and ongoing support. Open source licenses allow users to freely use, modify, or distribute the software. This is not typically characteristic of SaaS products, which more commonly operate on a subscription model.

Front

What could be responsible for Lisa not being able to utilize the productivity extension she uploaded to her browser? Options: the cache has not been cleared, certificate is invalid, incorrect proxy setting, the extension is disabled

Back

the extension is disabled

Answer explanation

If Lisa has installed the extension but can’t use it, it is possible that the extension is disabled. Enabling it in her browser's settings should resolve the issue. Clearing the browser cache would help in loading updated website content but wouldn't affect the functionality of an installed extension. An invalid certificate would cause security warnings when visiting secured web pages but wouldn't limit the use of a browser extension. Setting Incorrect proxy settings would generally interrupt the internet connection entirely and wouldn't specifically degrade the functionality of a browser extension.

Front

Which aspect of an operating system ensures that resources are used only in ways that satisfy predetermined policies?

Back

access control

Answer explanation

Access control is a part of the operating system design that ensures resources are used only in ways that satisfy predetermined policies. It restricts system access to authorized users, apps, or other systems, providing a key role in maintaining the system's security. Whereas a firewall aids in preventing unauthorized access to or from a private network, it does not inherently deal with the management of resource usage according to predefined policies. While a security patch can remedy a specific vulnerability in an operating system or an application, it doesn't necessarily manage usage in accordance to predetermined policies. While data encryption secures data and information by translating it into a secret code, it doesn't specifically control the ways resources are utilized.

Front

What software maintains and manipulates datasets, often using structured query language (SQL)?

Back

database software

Answer explanation

Database software is designed specifically to store, manage, and manipulate datasets, often using SQL. MySQL, PostgreSQL, Microsoft SQL Server and Oracle Database are popular database software that is used by businesses of all sizes to store and manage data. A web browser lets you navigate the web, not manage databases. Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Microsoft Edge, and Safari are popular web browser software that is used by millions of people around the world to access websites. Conferencing software aids in conducting virtual meetings but doesn't deal with database manipulation. Zoom, Microsoft Teams, Google Meet and Cisco Webexis are popular conferencing software that is used by businesses and individuals to hold online meetings. Accounting software manages financial transactions and reports, but it doesn't typically deal with manipulating entire datasets using SQL. QuickBooks, Sage Intacct, SAP Business One and Microsoft Dynamics 365 Business Central are popular accounting software that is used by businesses to track their income, expenses, and assets.

Front

What software is specifically meant for managing work projects and tasks within a team?

Back

project management software

Answer explanation

Explanation

Project management software is designed to aid in planning, scheduling, resource allocation, and change management. It facilitates the process of managing work projects and tasks within teams. While conferencing software is crucial for team meetings and discussions, it is not specifically designed for project and task management. It facilitates real-time communication and collaboration, not project management. Visual diagramming software, while useful for creating process maps or organizational structure, is not specifically designed for managing projects or tasks. An email client allows users to manage and send emails, but it isn't designed for comprehensive project and task management. It is an essential component of workplace communication, not project management.

Front

Which of the following is a unique characteristic of the Ext4 filesystem in comparison to FAT32?
Options:
limited to small capacity drives
compatible with windows systems
encrypted data storage
it supports journaling

Back

it supports journaling

Answer explanation

Journaling is a feature that helps prevent data loss in case of a power failure. Ext4 supports journaling, distinguishing it from FAT32, which does not support this feature. While both Ext4 and FAT32 can support encrypted data storage in some way, this is not the primary distinguishing feature between them. FAT32, being created by Microsoft, is natively supported on Windows systems. Ext4, on the other hand, is not directly compatible with Windows, without additional software. Both Ext4 and FAT32 can handle large-capacity drives. This feature, therefore, is not distinctive to either.