Molarity/Dilution

Front

What is molarity?

Back

Molarity (M) is a measure of concentration defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.

Front

How do you calculate molarity?

Back

Molarity (M) = moles of solute / liters of solution.

Front

What is the dilution formula?

Back

The dilution formula is M1V1 = M2V2, where M1 and V1 are the molarity and volume of the concentrated solution, and M2 and V2 are the molarity and volume of the diluted solution.

Front

What happens to the concentration when a solution is diluted?

Back

The concentration decreases when a solution is diluted because the amount of solute remains the same while the volume of the solution increases.

Front

If you have a 1 M solution and dilute it to 2 L, what is the new concentration if you started with 1 L?

Back

0.5 M (using the dilution formula: M1V1 = M2V2).

Front

What is the concentration of ammonium ions in a 3.0 M (NH4)2SO4 solution?

Back

6.0 M (since there are 2 ammonium ions per formula unit).

Front

How do you find the volume needed to achieve a certain molarity?

Back

Volume (L) = moles of solute / desired molarity.

Front

How much water is added when diluting a solution?

Back

Water added = final volume - initial volume of the solution.

Front

What is the final concentration after diluting 200 mL of 0.400 M KMnO4 to 800 mL?

Back

0.10 M (using the dilution formula).

Front

What is the relationship between moles, volume, and molarity?

Back

Molarity is directly proportional to the number of moles of solute and inversely proportional to the volume of the solution.