What is the primary achievement of the Sensorimotor Stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development?

Development of object permanence

What does the achievement of object permanence signify about a child's cognitive development?

They understand that objects continue to exist, even when out of sight.

Which are Piaget's 4 Stages of Cognitive Development? Options: Sensorimotor, Operational, Mindfullness, Formal; Sensori, Mindfull, Performer, Ambiance; Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete, Formal; Formal, Semi-Formal, Operations, Concrete

Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete, Formal

Zone of proximal development refers to the

gap between what a child can do on their own and what they can do with help.

Phonological awareness can best be described as:

A child's ability to hear the individual sounds within a spoken word

Which one of the following statements best reflects Sternberg's theory of successful intelligence? Options: To be truly intelligent, one must show competence in creativity and social skills as well as in traditional academic tasks. Intelligence is due to heredity, environment, and a complex interaction between the two; ultimately, researchers can never disentangle the effects of these factors. Intelligent behavior evolves in three stages: concrete thought, abstract thought, and automatization.

Intelligent behavior is a function of how well people draw on prior experiences and cognitively process information in order to adapt to a new situation.

Which one of the following conditions is most likely to help children learn from a discovery learning activity? - Making sure children always remain in equilibrium - Having some prior knowledge about the material being explored - Having an abstract overview of the discovery session ahead of time - Having freedom to explore one's environment without any structure or restraint

Having some prior knowledge about the material being explored

Which of the following can teachers do that will be most likely to encourage self-regulated learning? - Give children regular homework assignments. - Give children frequent opportunities to set goals. - Give children frequent feedback. - Give children praise for work that is done well.

Give children frequent opportunities to set goals.

Which one of the following statements best describes a nativist perspective of child development? Children actively construct their own view of the world from their experiences with the environment. Children are naturally disposed to think about their environment in particular ways; in a sense, some basic knowledge about the world is "pre-wired." Initially, children unconsciously develop a rather complex and confused view of the world, but this view becomes simpler and more straightforward as time goes on. Children repeatedly parrot their parents' and teachers' beliefs, eventually adopting these beliefs as their own "knowledge."

Children are naturally disposed to think about their environment in particular ways; in a sense, some basic knowledge about the world is "pre-wired."

Which one of the following statements most accurately describes the nature of knowledge transforming in a child's writing? It reveals a child's attempt to help the reader truly understand the ideas that the child is trying to communicate.

It reveals a child's attempt to help the reader truly understand the ideas that the child is trying to communicate.

How is Richard most likely to respond to the problem of adding two toy soldiers in hand and three on the table?

He is likely to use his fingers to try to solve the problem.

With the textbook's discussion of geography development in mind, what is likely to give children in the lower elementary grades difficulty when interpreting maps?

They don't completely understand that a map is a symbolic representation.

Which one of the following teaching strategies is consistent with the textbook's discussion of children's mathematical development? Options: Making sure that children have acquired most of the characteristics of Piaget's formal operations stage before they begin to solve problems, Teaching tricks such as "When you see the word less in a problem, you should subtract", Making sure that children know why procedures work as well as how to use them, Having children practice procedures in isolation before applying them to real-life situations

Making sure that children know why procedures work as well as how to use them

Which one of the following statements is most accurate about a typical 5-year-old child's understanding of numbers and/or counting? Options: Most 5-year-olds do not yet know that a group of objects has the same number of objects regardless of the order in which the objects are counted. Most 5-year-olds can neither add nor subtract because they have not yet been taught addition and subtraction in school. Most 5-year-olds have already had enough experience adding and subtracting objects in their own lives that further work with concrete objects isn't necessary. Most 5-year-olds know that when you count a group of objects, you should count each object in the group once and only once.

Most 5-year-olds know that when you count a group of objects, you should count each object in the group once and only once.

As children from low-income homes progress through school with few "basics" in reading, they are most likely to:

Fall further and further behind their peers in reading ability

Research indicates that a major advantage of giving children multiple experiences with books during the preschool years is that they:

Learn to read more easily once they begin school

The primary reason that educators in many countries have developed content-area standards to guide instruction is that:

Children make good progress when teachers provide a consistent structure to the curriculum.

Three of the following statements about the effects of heredity and/or environment on intelligence are accurate. Which one is not accurate? Some toxic substances in children's homes or neighborhoods can adversely affect their cognitive development. Children tend to get higher IQ scores when they attend school regularly. Biologists working in the Human Genome Project have recently identified the chromosome that carries the "intelligence" gene. On average, children's performance on intelligence tests has risen around the world, suggesting that improvements in environmental conditions enhance IQ.

Biologists working in the Human Genome Project have recently identified the chromosome that carries the "intelligence" gene.

One of the primary reasons that researchers have concerns about the use of intelligence tests to predict children's academic achievement is that:

Intelligence is not a one-dimensional characteristic that one test can adequately measure

With the help of three teacher aides, a kindergarten teacher gives her students a school readiness test on the first day of class. Given what we know about such tests, which one of the following is the best thing to do with the test results? Options: Suggest to the principal that low-scoring children be placed in a more intensive "pre-kindergarten" class; these children would then return to kindergarten the following year. Enroll all children in kindergarten and use the results to form tentative hypotheses about where it would be best to begin instruction for each child. Suggest to the principal that high-scoring children be placed in first grade. Meet with the parents of low-scoring children to ask them to consider placing their children in preschool or Head Start for the year.

Enroll all children in kindergarten and use the results to form tentative hypotheses about where it would be best to begin instruction for each child.

Which one of the following is the best example of dynamic assessment? Options: Ms. Vincenti gives her students 20 multiple-choice questions; she then gives 20 additional, more difficult questions to students who've done very well on the first set, as a way of assessing the upper limits of their knowledge. Mr. Warren observes and records how Minnie's logical thinking changes over time as she gets assistance and experience in scientific reasoning tasks. Mr. Thiessen asks Macy to show him how to use a microscope properly. Ms. Ursinas asks her students to work in groups of three to write a paper describing the effects of the U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003.

Mr. Warren observes and records how Minnie's logical thinking changes over time as she gets assistance and experience in scientific reasoning tasks.

If you are concerned about the validity of an intelligence test, which one of the following questions would you be most likely to ask? Options: Does this test really measure intellectual ability? Does this test rely heavily on language skills? How much training do I need to administer and interpret this test? Do children tend to get similar scores on the test from one time to the next?

Does this test really measure intellectual ability?

Lily is ten years old. She gets a score of 97 on an IQ test. What does this tell us about her intellectual ability?

Lily's score is fairly average for her age group.

Which one of the following is a correct interpretation of a student's IQ score of 115? Options: The student may qualify for an IEP. The student performed better on an intelligence test than the majority of students of the same age. The student's test performance is in the bottom fifth of the population. The student performed lower on an intelligence test than the majority of students of the same age.

The student performed better on an intelligence test than the majority of students of the same age.

Which one of the following is a true statement about IQ scores? Options: They are derived from comparisons with the test performance of others within a three year range. Scores near 100 indicate average performance. They are calculated from this formula: (CA/MA) x 100. They are calculated from this formula: (MA/CA) x 100.

Scores near 100 indicate average performance.

The original purpose of intelligence tests is still their main purpose today–that is, to: Identify children who may require special services or interventions, Predict how well youngsters are likely to perform in various professional careers, Assess youngsters' ability to solve abstract problems, Measure people's innate ability to adapt to a complex environment

Identify children who may require special services or interventions

What is the most useful first step for Mariana to take with a student who has difficulty on classroom tests and assignments? Options: Meet with the school psychologist and have the student tested for a disability, Allow the student to pick up where he or she left off in the previous curriculum, Meet with the student and his or her parents to learn more about the child's past educational experiences, Review the students' records to identify his IQ score

Meet with the student and his or her parents to learn more about the child's past educational experiences

Which view of intelligence is best reflected in Sam's abilities? Sam is a very talented dancer; he also shows considerable creativity in art class. He finds math and science classes very difficult, but he loves to read and tell stories to his many friends.

Gardner's multiple intelligences

Different theorists conceptualize intelligence differently, but most agree that intelligence:

Involves many different cognitive processes

Three of the following students are showing signs of self-regulated learning. Which student does not show any evidence of self-regulated learning? 1. Drew thinks to himself, "Tonight I'll skim the reading assignment in history just to get a general idea of what the chapter's all about. Tomorrow I'll read it again in more depth." 2. As Adam studies his German vocabulary words, he occasionally stops to check himself to see which words he needs to study further. 3. Craig beams with pleasure when his teacher praises his English essay, because her opinion of his work is very important to him. 4. Blake knows that for purposes of college admission, his performance in math class is more important than his performance in drama class, so he works harder in the first class than in the second.

Craig beams with pleasure when his teacher praises his English essay, because her opinion of his work is very important to him.

Considering developmental trends in learning strategies, choose the statement that best characterizes how kindergartners are apt to approach school learning tasks.

They make few if any intentional efforts to learn and remember something.

Which one of the following is the best illustration of metacognition? Connie is studying for a history test. She knows that she has trouble with dates, so she checks herself by giving herself a short quiz after each chapter., Dolly is preparing to take the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT), so she checks out an SAT preparation book from the local library and reads it from cover to cover., Andrea is studying for a spelling test. She writes each spelling word five times in her nicest handwriting., Betsy stays up late studying for a geography test. The following morning in school, she is too tired to think straight during the test.

Connie is studying for a history test. She knows that she has trouble with dates, so she checks herself by giving herself a short quiz after each chapter.

Mr. Martinez wants his first-grade students to be able to automatize their ability to recognize common words when they read. Which technique will best help his students achieve that goal? Options: Explain how the letters of the words are related to their pronunciation. Give them lots of practice reading the words. Explain how some of the letters in the words are "silent." Tell them how important it is for them to know the words.

Give them lots of practice reading the words.

The textbook recommends a number of strategies for capturing and maintaining children's attention on important tasks and activities. Which one of the following is not consistent with the textbook's recommendations for increasing attention? Get children physically involved in lessons. Teach important skills within the context of interesting topics. Regularly introduce distractions into the environment so that children grow accustomed to them. Regularly intersperse quiet activities with more physically active ones.

Regularly introduce distractions into the environment so that children grow accustomed to them.

HG & D Ch.6-10 Flashcards

Student preview

64 questions

Show all answers

1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Piaget stage where child uses 5 senses to explore their environment. All things learned are based on experiences, or trial and error.

Back

Sensorimotor

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Piaget stage where children are more logical and methodical. Less egocentric, and more aware of the outside world and events that they themselves can touch or experience.

Back

Concrete operational

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Piaget stage in which children use symbols to relate to abstract concepts. They are able to think logically about hypothetical or "what if" scenarios.

Back

Formal operational

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Piaget stage when the development of language, memory, and imagination has begun. Intelligence is both egocentric and intuitive.

Back

Preoperational

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

________________ is a term he used to represent the building blocks of knowledge that children use to interpret and predict the world around them.

Back

Schema

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

_____________ is using an existing schema and applying it to a new situation or object. It is connecting new knowledge with old.

Back

Assimilation

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

________________ is changing approaches when an existing schema doesn’t work in a particular situation thus creating new mental framework for new information.

Back

Accommodation

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