DNA Structure and Function Concepts

Front

What is DNA?

Back

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life, composed of two strands forming a double helix.

Front

What is the role of DNA in cell differentiation?

Back

DNA contains the instructions that determine how cells differentiate into various types, influencing gene expression.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to variations in traits and may affect an organism's ability to survive.

Front

What is genetic variation?

Back

Genetic variation refers to the diversity in gene frequencies within a population, which is essential for evolution and adaptation.

Front

What happens during DNA replication?

Back

During DNA replication, the DNA molecule unwinds and each strand serves as a template for the creation of a new complementary strand.

Front

What is the S phase of the cell cycle?

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The S phase (Synthesis phase) is the part of the cell cycle where DNA is replicated, resulting in two sets of chromosomes.

Front

What is transcription in genetics?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA, which carries the genetic information to the ribosome.

Front

What is the process of translation?

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Translation is the process where ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information carried by mRNA.

Front

What are ribosomes?

Back

Ribosomes are cellular structures that facilitate the translation of mRNA into proteins.

Front

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

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The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.