Protein Synthesis

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What is protein synthesis?

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The process by which cells generate new proteins, involving transcription and translation.

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What is transcription?

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The process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

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Where does transcription occur?

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In the nucleus of the cell.

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What is translation?

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The process of converting mRNA into a protein.

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Where does translation occur?

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In the ribosomes, which can be found in the cytoplasm.

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What is mRNA?

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Messenger RNA, a type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome.

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What is a codon?

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A three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

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What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

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Ribosomes facilitate the translation of mRNA into proteins.

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What is the function of DNA polymerase?

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An enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands during replication.

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What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?

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An enzyme that unwinds the DNA double helix.