Genetics vocabulary

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Genotype

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Actual alleles; represented by two letters.

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Homozygous

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Having two alleles that are the same.

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Trait

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A distinguishing characteristic or quality, a feature that is inherited such as flower color, hair color, and height.

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Heterozygous

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Having two alleles that are different.

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Phenotype

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The physical appearance of an organism.

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Allele

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One of two or more forms that a gene could take.

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Chromosome

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A structure made of DNA that contains genes.

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Heredity

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The passage of genetic information from a parent or parents to offspring.

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Dominant allele

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An allele that expresses its phenotype even in the presence of a recessive allele.

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Recessive allele

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An allele that only expresses its phenotype when two copies are present.