Carbon and Nitrogen Cycles

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What is the carbon cycle?

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The carbon cycle is the process by which carbon is exchanged among the atmosphere, land, water, and living organisms. It involves processes like photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and combustion.

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What role do plants play in the carbon cycle?

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Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during photosynthesis and convert it into glucose, releasing oxygen as a byproduct.

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What is respiration in the context of the carbon cycle?

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Respiration is the process by which living organisms, including animals and plants, convert glucose and oxygen into energy, releasing carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere.

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What is combustion?

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Combustion is the process of burning fossil fuels or organic matter, which releases carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere.

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What is decomposition?

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Decomposition is the process by which dead organic matter is broken down by microorganisms, releasing carbon back into the soil and atmosphere.

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What is the significance of the nitrogen cycle?

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The nitrogen cycle is crucial for converting nitrogen from the atmosphere into forms usable by living organisms, supporting plant growth and maintaining ecosystem balance.

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What is nitrogen fixation?

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Nitrogen fixation is the process by which atmospheric nitrogen is converted into ammonia or related compounds, primarily by certain bacteria, making it available for plants.

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What is denitrification?

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Denitrification is the process by which bacteria convert nitrates in the soil back into nitrogen gas, returning it to the atmosphere and completing the nitrogen cycle.

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What are primary consumers?

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Primary consumers are organisms that eat producers (plants) to obtain energy. They are typically herbivores.

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What are secondary consumers?

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Secondary consumers are organisms that eat primary consumers. They can be carnivores or omnivores.