Protein Synthesis Flashcard make up

Front

What is the main function of tRNA?

Back

The main function of tRNA (transfer RNA) is to bring amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes during protein synthesis.

Front

What process is responsible for translating mRNA into a protein?

Back

The process responsible for translating mRNA into a protein is called translation.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis.

Front

In RNA, which base pairs with adenine?

Back

In RNA, uracil pairs with adenine.

Front

Where does mRNA go after it is synthesized?

Back

After it is synthesized, mRNA leaves the nucleus to find the ribosome to make proteins.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

Front

What are ribosomes made of?

Back

Ribosomes are made of rRNA (ribosomal RNA) and proteins.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose, is double-stranded, and has thymine; RNA contains the sugar ribose, is single-stranded, and has uracil instead of thymine.

Front

What is the significance of the genetic code?

Back

The genetic code is a set of rules that defines how the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA is translated into the sequence of amino acids in proteins.

Front

What is an amino acid?

Back

An amino acid is a building block of proteins, consisting of an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a unique side chain.