Biology EOC Review #3

Front

What is a cell plate and in which type of cell is it observed during mitosis?

Back

A cell plate is a structure that forms during cytokinesis in plant cells, specifically observed in onion root cells.

Front

What is the function of the centromere in a chromosome?

Back

The centromere is the region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids are joined together and where the spindle fibers attach during cell division.

Front

What does exponential growth mean in a biological context?

Back

Exponential growth refers to a rapid increase in the number of individuals in a population, where the growth rate is proportional to the current population size.

Front

What is the role of mitochondria in a plant cell?

Back

Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, responsible for carrying out respiration and producing energy (ATP) for cellular processes.

Front

What does it mean for a cell to be diploid?

Back

A diploid cell contains two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent, typically represented as 2n.

Front

What is the difference between diploid and haploid cells?

Back

Diploid cells have two sets of chromosomes (2n), while haploid cells have one set of chromosomes (n).

Front

What is the significance of the cell cycle in cell division?

Back

The cell cycle is a series of phases that a cell goes through to grow and divide, ensuring proper replication and distribution of genetic material.

Front

What are the main stages of mitosis?

Back

The main stages of mitosis are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains.

Front

What is photosynthesis and where does it occur in plant cells?

Back

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose), occurring in the chloroplasts.