Simple Genetics

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What are genotypes?

Back

Genotypes are the genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the combination of alleles (e.g., Aa, DD, bB, yy).

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Front

What is a dominant allele?

Back

A dominant allele is an allele that expresses its trait in the phenotype even when only one copy is present in a heterozygous genotype.

Front

What is a recessive allele?

Back

A recessive allele is an allele that only expresses its trait in the phenotype when two copies are present in a homozygous recessive genotype.

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What does homozygous mean?

Back

Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., AA or aa).

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What does heterozygous mean?

Back

Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Aa).

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Front

What is the phenotype?

Back

The phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Front

What is a Punnett square?

Back

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles from the parents.

Front

What is the probability of an offspring having a specific trait?

Back

The probability of an offspring having a specific trait can be calculated using a Punnett square, representing the ratio of the desired phenotype to the total possible phenotypes.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-3

NGSS.HS-LS4-3

Front

What is homozygous recessive?

Back

Homozygous recessive refers to having two copies of a recessive allele (e.g., xx or qq).

Front

What is the significance of the dominant allele in a heterozygous genotype?

Back

In a heterozygous genotype, the dominant allele masks the effect of the recessive allele, determining the phenotype.