Biology STAAR Review #3

Front

What is photosynthesis?

Back

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose, using carbon dioxide and water, and releasing oxygen as a byproduct.

Front

What is cellular respiration?

Back

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water. It occurs in the mitochondria of cells.

Front

What is the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis?

Back

Carbon dioxide is used by plants during photosynthesis to produce glucose and oxygen.

Front

What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?

Back

Oxygen is used in cellular respiration to help convert glucose into energy (ATP), producing carbon dioxide and water as byproducts.

Front

What is genetic drift?

Back

Genetic drift is a mechanism of evolution that refers to random changes in the frequency of alleles in a population, which can lead to significant changes over time, especially in small populations.

Front

What is natural selection?

Back

Natural selection is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring, leading to evolutionary changes.

Front

What are xylem and phloem?

Back

Xylem are the tubes in plants that carry water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant. Phloem are the tubes that transport sugars and nutrients produced by photosynthesis.

Front

What is the complementary DNA strand for 3' AGGTCAGGT 5'?

Back

The complementary DNA strand is 5' TCCAGTCCA 3'.

Front

What is the difference between genetic drift and gene flow?

Back

Genetic drift is a random change in allele frequencies in a population, while gene flow is the transfer of alleles or genes from one population to another, often through migration.

Front

What is the significance of the 3' and 5' ends of a DNA strand?

Back

The 3' and 5' ends of a DNA strand refer to the directionality of the DNA molecule, which is important for processes like replication and transcription.