AP World Modern - Topics 5.1-5.4 Review

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What was the intellectual movement in the 17th and 18th centuries that emphasized the use of reason to understand the world and reconsider accepted ideas and social institutions of the time?

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The Enlightenment

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What ideology promotes intense loyalty to those with a shared language and culture and the desire for independence as a country?

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Nationalism

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What was the Enlightenment philosophy that characterizes God as a "clock maker" who set natural laws in motion but does not interfere in day-to-day earthly affairs?

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Deism

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Which Enlightenment philosopher wrote Leviathan and argued for a social contract in which the people give up some rights to a strong monarch in exchange for order?

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Thomas Hobbes

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Which Enlightenment philosopher wrote Two Treatises on Government and argued that all people have natural rights that governments must protect or be overthrown by the people?

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John Locke

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Which Enlightenment philosopher wrote The Social Contract and argued that government's legitimacy comes from the people and its goal is to support the "General Will"?

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Jean-Jacques Rousseau

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Which reform movement sought to improve society by creating better conditions for workers or by forming ideal communes in which everything was shared equally?

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Utopian Socialism

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Which movement, promoted by women like Mary Wollstonecraft starting in the late 1700s, sought equal rights for women with men?

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Feminism

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Which revolution (1765-1783) responded to increased British taxation and control, justified revolt in its Declaration of Independence using Enlightenment ideas, and achieved independence from Britain?

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American Revolution

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Which revolution (1789-1799) toppled the monarchy, proclaimed Enlightenment ideals in the Declaration of the Rights of Man, and became very violent before ending when Napoleon took power?

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French Revolution