Georgia Milestone Biology Review

Front

What is the role of enzymes in chemical reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.

Front

What structure is affected if proteins are improperly located in a cell?

Back

The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion or use within the cell.

Front

How do cell membranes and cell walls differ in function?

Back

Cell membranes are selectively permeable, controlling what enters and exits the cell, while cell walls provide structural support.

Front

What is the effect of enzymes on metabolic reactions?

Back

Enzymes speed up metabolic reactions, allowing organisms to efficiently obtain energy from food.

Front

Which organelle is not found in both plant and animal cells?

Back

Chloroplasts are found only in plant cells and are responsible for photosynthesis.

Front

Define activation energy in the context of enzyme activity.

Back

Activation energy is the minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur, which enzymes help to lower.

Front

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?

Back

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Front

Explain the term 'selectively permeable' as it relates to cell membranes.

Back

Selectively permeable means that the cell membrane allows certain substances to pass through while blocking others, maintaining homeostasis.

Front

What is the primary function of lysosomes in a cell?

Back

Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.

Front

How do mitochondria contribute to cellular energy production?

Back

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, converting nutrients into ATP through cellular respiration.