Honors Bio - Nucleic Acids

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What are nucleic acids?

Back

Nucleic acids are macromolecules that store and transmit genetic information. They include DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid).

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What is the monomer of nucleic acids?

Back

The monomer of nucleic acids is nucleotides.

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What are the three components of a nucleotide?

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A nucleotide consists of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

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What is the role of DNA?

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DNA stores genetic information and provides instructions for the development and functioning of living organisms.

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What is the role of RNA?

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RNA plays a crucial role in protein synthesis and can also have roles in catalyzing biochemical reactions.

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What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

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The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

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What is the base pairing rule in DNA?

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In DNA, adenine pairs with thymine (A-T) and cytosine pairs with guanine (C-G).

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What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

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DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil instead of thymine.

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What is the significance of the sugar in nucleotides?

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The sugar in nucleotides (deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA) is essential for forming the backbone of the nucleic acid structure.

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What is a gene?

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A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for making a specific protein.