Biology EOC Review- NC

Front

What are amino acids?

Back

Amino acids are organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins. They contain an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a unique side chain.

Front

How many amino acids are coded for by the nucleotide sequence ATG GGA ACT CCA?

Back

4

Front

What is transcription in biology?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically messenger RNA (mRNA), which carries the genetic information to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

Which RNA bases pair with TACGAA during transcription?

Back

AUGCUU

Front

What is the function of mitochondria in a cell?

Back

Mitochondria convert energy in nutrients into usable energy (ATP) for the cell.

Front

What is the ultimate source of energy in any food chain?

Back

The sun.

Front

What is an enzyme?

Back

An enzyme is a protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up chemical reactions in biological processes.

Front

How does the shape of an enzyme affect its function?

Back

The shape of an enzyme determines its specificity for a substrate; only specific substrates can fit into the enzyme's active site.

Front

What is a substrate in the context of enzymes?

Back

A substrate is the reactant molecule upon which an enzyme acts.

Front

What are the main components of a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose or ribose), and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine).